Birinci al\u0131nt\u0131:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u201c*Senin i\u00e7in yazarken zaman kavram\u0131 nerede duruyor?<\/b><\/p>\n
\u2026 Zaman\u0131 karma\u015f\u0131k bir form\u00fcl i\u00e7inde kullanmak metnin esas meselesine otopsi yapmak gibidir, unsurlar\u0131 yan yana getirip bakmay\u0131, ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 sorgulamay\u0131, hem analizi hem sentezi gerektirir. Bellek de b\u00f6yle i\u015fler. Bellek olup bitenleri lineer bir d\u00fczen i\u00e7inde saklamaz, zaman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kategoriler kullan\u0131r, her an\u0131y\u0131 yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkiye g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131r, bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131yla i\u015fbirli\u011fi h\u00e2lindedir. \u00d6zel bir duruma kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelmiyorsa en \u00e7abuk unuttu\u011fumuz \u015fey tarihlerdir. Olaylar\u0131 hat\u0131rlar\u0131z ama tarihlerini \u00e7o\u011fu zaman kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r\u0131z. \u00d6zel durumlar\u0131n da genellikle bireysel veya toplumsal bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r, belle\u011fin korumaya ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcnsellik i\u00e7inde bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131r. Mesela 1999 Depremi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir olay\u0131 tarihiyle hat\u0131rlar\u0131z; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z olay\u0131n d\u0131\u015f \u00e7er\u00e7evesi olay\u0131n kendisinden daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/b> Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla roman yazarken yararland\u0131\u011f\u0131m form\u00fcl tarihin ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, belle\u011fin i\u015fleyi\u015fi. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan roman belle\u011fe \u00e7ok yak\u0131n.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u0130kinci al\u0131nt\u0131:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u201cE\u011fitsel kollar her zaman ve b\u00fct\u00fcn okullarda hep k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli de\u011fildi. Baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmenler bunu \u00f6\u011frencilerin yarar\u0131na kullan\u0131rlar, onlar\u0131n sosyalle\u015fmelerini ve geli\u015fmelerini sa\u011flarlard\u0131. Okul veya s\u0131n\u0131f gazetelerini kendilerini te\u015fvik eden \u00f6\u011fretmenlerinin sayesinde \u00e7ocuklar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r, tiyatro gruplar\u0131 kurulur, oyunlar sahnelenir, dans gruplar\u0131 olu\u015fturulur, deprem, sel gibi toplumsal felaketlerde bu kollar yard\u0131m toplarlard\u0131.<\/b>\u201d<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc al\u0131nt\u0131:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u201cAma \u015fimdi kendi memleketlerinde \u015fehrin yerlisi de\u011fil, yeni sakini muamelesi g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlar. Ya\u015flanm\u0131\u015f akrabalar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka, tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 pek kimse kalmam\u0131\u015f. Gen\u00e7 akrabalar onlar\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131yor, tan\u0131yanlar da umursam\u0131yor. \u00c7ocukluk-gen\u00e7lik arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 depremden sonra g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f, kalanlarla da aralar\u0131na zaman ve mesafe girmi\u015f.<\/b>\u201d<\/p>\n <\/ins><\/div>\n Handan \u0130nci\u2019nin Ayfer Tun\u00e7\u2019la yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 nehir s\u00f6yle\u015fiyi okumaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131mda ilk merak etti\u011fim konu \u201cdeprem\u201d oldu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Adapazar\u0131<\/a>denince zihnimde canlanan en yak\u0131c\u0131 hadise hep \u201cdeprem\u201d olagelmi\u015ftir. Yine bu \u015fehrin tarihinde, depremle birlikte \u015fehri de\u011fi\u015ftirip d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren di\u011fer olgular \u201cg\u00f6\u00e7\u201d ve \u201csava\u015f\u201dt\u0131r. Doksan \u00fc\u00e7 harbinden sonra Kafkaslardan ve hemen her kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n akabinde Balkanlardan g\u00f6\u00e7 alan bu \u015fehir, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan gelenlerle b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp serpilmi\u015f zamanla vilayet olmu\u015f, sanayi \u015fehri olman\u0131n e\u015fi\u011fine kadar gelmi\u015ftir. Bence olmu\u015ftur da. (Ayfer Tun\u00e7\u2019un anne taraf\u0131n\u0131n Kafkaslardan baba taraf\u0131n\u0131n Balkanlardan geldi\u011fini hat\u0131rlatal\u0131m.) Bug\u00fcn iki \u00fcniversitesi; bu \u00fcniversitelerin bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve aktivitelerle \u015fehri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve sanat faaliyetleriyle de \u0130stanbul<\/a>\u2019un en az\u0131ndan bir yakas\u0131yla yar\u0131\u015f\u0131r h\u00e2le gelmi\u015ftir. Tekd\u00fczelikten ve tekseslilikten \u00e7okseslili\u011fe ve \u00e7ok renklili\u011fe do\u011fru yol alan Adapazar\u0131 yak\u0131n gelecekte yukar\u0131da alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi\u011fimiz konular (bilim, k\u00fclt\u00fcr, sanat) d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da \u00fclkenin \u00f6nemli cazibe merkezlerinden biri olmaya adayd\u0131r. Olmal\u0131d\u0131r da. (\u00d6zellikle tar\u0131m; ayva\/f\u0131nd\u0131k\/\u00fcz\u00fcm\/patates, liman; deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, spor; su ve da\u011f sporlar\u0131, turizm; deniz, g\u00f6l, nehir, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve yayla turizmi, gastronomi; yerel yemeklerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Balkan ve Kafkas mutfa\u011f\u0131 gibi konular\u0131 ba\u015fa yaz\u0131yorum.) Bu nedenle, \u015fehrin g\u00fcn\u00fcyle ve gelece\u011fiyle ilgili karar verenlerin hem say\u0131s\u0131 hem niteli\u011fi biraz daha y\u00fckse\u011fe \u00e7ekilmeli, yap\u0131lanlar\u0131n ve yap\u0131lmas\u0131 planlananlar\u0131n \u00e7er\u00e7evesi yerel de\u011ferler ihmal edilmeden evrensele do\u011fru evirilmelidir.<\/p>\n Ne demek istedi\u011fimi somut bir \u00f6rnekle daha anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r k\u0131lmak isterim: Ayfer Tun\u00e7\u2019un 1970\u2019li y\u0131llarda daha \u00e7ok Adapazar\u0131\u2019nda g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerinden, duyduklar\u0131ndan, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bir M\u00e2niniz Yoksa Annemler Size Gelecek <\/b>(2001) kitab\u0131ndan hareketle bir \u201cAdapazar\u0131 K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Sanat M\u00fczesi\u201d kurulabilir. Burada; ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bug\u00fcne \u00e7ocuk oyun ve oyuncaklar\u0131ndan tutun okul ara\u00e7 gere\u00e7lerine; radyo ve televizyonla ilgili malzemelerden tutun m\u00fczik, sinema, tiyatro, giyim-ku\u015fam ve foto\u011fraf alb\u00fcmlerine; \u00e7ocuk ve gen\u00e7lik kitaplar\u0131ndan tutun d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ve evlilik adetlerine; cenaze ve bayram rit\u00fcellerinden tutun kom\u015fuluklarda, yolculuklarda ya\u015fananlara kadar t\u00fcm bu bireysel, toplumsal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel unsurlar\u0131 yans\u0131tan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131, i\u015fitsel ve g\u00f6rsel malzemeler, \u00fcr\u00fcnler, de\u011fi\u015fik e\u015fyalar, ara\u00e7 gere\u00e7ler sergilenebilir. (1970\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ortalar\u0131na odaklanan Orhan Pamuk\u2019un Masumiyet M\u00fczesi<\/b>(2008) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131k\u0131larak olu\u015fturulan \u201cMasumiyet M\u00fczesi\u201dni hat\u0131rlatmaya bilmem gerek var m\u0131?) Alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ize \u00e7ize, \u00fcst\u00fcne basa basa s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorum, iki \u00fcniversitesi olan bu \u015fehirde \u201cAdapazar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Merkezi\u201d kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Merak etmeyin, bunun bir taraf\u0131 Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya, Sel\u00e7uklu\u2019ya bir taraf\u0131 Kafkaslara, Balkanlara; bir taraf\u0131 doksan \u00fc\u00e7 harbine, bir taraf\u0131 Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019ye \u00e7\u0131kar zaten.<\/p>\n Hari\u00e7ten gazel okudu\u011fumu biliyorum ama yeri gelmi\u015fken yazmak isterim. Daha \u00f6nce Adapazar\u0131\u2019nda kurulacak Ziraat Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nin Geyve ile Pamukova aras\u0131nda Sakarya<\/a> Nehri\u2019nin kenar\u0131na yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi bir hayalimden bahsetmi\u015ftim. Nasip Ayfer Tun\u00e7\u2019un \u00e7ocuklu\u011funun bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi Arifiye\u2019ye imi\u015f.<\/p>\n Gelelim yaz\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki al\u0131nt\u0131lara.<\/p>\n Birinci al\u0131nt\u0131da<\/b> 1999 Adapazar\u0131 Depremi Tun\u00e7\u2019un metnine bellek bahsinin \u00f6rneklemi olarak girer. Depremin \u015fehirde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131m ve travmaya de\u011fil, birey ve toplumda olu\u015fturdu\u011fu etki nedeniyle \u201cbellek\u201dte kal\u0131c\u0131 h\u00e2le gelmesine vurgu yapar. Yazara g\u00f6re, bireyde ve toplumda derin izler b\u0131rakan hadiselerin bellekte ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 bir yeri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130kinci al\u0131nt\u0131da<\/b> deprem daha genel bir \u00e7er\u00e7eveye b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcr ve okullardaki e\u011fitsel kollar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6\u011frencilerin duygu e\u011fitimi ve geli\u015fiminin arac\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Toplumca ya\u015fanan b\u00fcy\u00fck felaketler, geride kalanlara verdikleri dersle, \u201chayat boyu \u00f6\u011frenme\u201dnin bir \u00e7e\u015fidi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc al\u0131nt\u0131<\/b> uzun y\u0131llar Adapazar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan ve ya\u015fad\u0131ktan sonra emekli olup memleketine d\u00f6nen bir ailenin dram\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fler. Bu geriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte sosyal hayat\u0131n hemen her alan\u0131nda olumsuzluklar ya\u015fayan aileyi bir de deprem vurur. S\u00f6z\u00fcn \u00f6z\u00fc, \u015fehir \u015fehir dola\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra memleketine d\u00f6nen ve buray\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bulamayan bir aileye ayna tutar. \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131yla, pazar\u0131yla, esnaf\u0131yla, araba duraklar\u0131yla, depremden sonra merkezden k\u00f6ylere veya ba\u015fka \u015fehirlere g\u00f6\u00e7 edenleriyle allak bullak olmu\u015f bir Adapazar\u0131 portresi \u00e7izer. Bu alt \u00fcst olu\u015ftan \u015fehrin mezarl\u0131klar\u0131 da nasibini al\u0131r. \u201cEskiden tek bir tepe olan Emirda\u011f Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fimdi u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z ve depremde hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybedenlerin \u00e7ok ac\u0131kl\u0131 mezar ta\u015flar\u0131yla doludur.\u201d4<\/a><\/p>\n Dikkatli okurlar derdimi anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayfer Tun\u00e7 okumalar\u0131mda \u201cAdapazar\u0131 Depremi\u201dni anlatan yerleri tespit edip onlardan hareketle bir yaz\u0131 yazma tela\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7indeyim. Sait Faik\u2019te depremin yerini daha \u00e7ok Sakarya Nehri\u2019nin h\u0131r\u00e7\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyorum. Onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki Adapazarl\u0131 yazarlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda deprem izle\u011finin hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r bir yer tuttu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebilirim. Bu \u015fehirde g\u00f6\u00e7 ve sava\u015fla birlikte en \u00e7ok hik\u00e2yesi anlat\u0131lan felaketlerdendir deprem. Hem de nesilden nesile, ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lan deprem hik\u00e2yeleridir bunlar. Bazen b\u00fcy\u00fckler k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklere ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 depremi anlat\u0131r, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 da b\u00fcy\u00fcklerinden dinlediklerini kendilerinden sonrakilere… Bu d\u00f6ng\u00fc hemen her neslin depremi ya\u015famas\u0131yla k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131verir bir g\u00fcn. Bir ya\u015f veya zamandan sonra b\u00fct\u00fcn Adapazarl\u0131lar bir \u015fekilde depreme maruz kal\u0131r ve \u201cdeprem anlat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131\u201dna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Ayfer Tun\u00e7 istese de bu Adapazar\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011finin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalamazd\u0131. (Ben de bir deprem \u00e7ocu\u011fuyum. B\u00fcy\u00fcklerim ben do\u011fduktan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra vuku bulan Adapazar\u0131 Depremi\u2019ni anlatt\u0131lar bana y\u0131llarca. Sonra ben de birka\u00e7 deprem g\u00f6rd\u00fcm ve dinlediklerimle ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131m birbirine eklemlendi.)<\/p>\n K\u0131sa bir tecess\u00fcsten sonra Ayfer Tun\u00e7\u2019ta depremi bir \u201ca\u015fk\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (veya hik\u00e2yesi) i\u00e7inde gizlenmi\u015f buldum. Hik\u00e2yeyi okumaya ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra ba\u015fl\u0131ktaki yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 ama cezbedici taraf depremin yak\u0131c\u0131 ve y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 yan\u0131yla yer de\u011fi\u015ftirdi:<\/p>\n \u201cSar\u0131yer s\u0131rtlar\u0131nda ikiz villada oturan iki karde\u015f, 17 A\u011fustos 1999 tarihinde saat 03.02\u2019de meydana gelen depremi hissetmiyorlar. O gece ge\u00e7 saatlere kadar misafir a\u011f\u0131rlam\u0131\u015flar, epeyce de i\u00e7mi\u015fler. Ama k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck karde\u015fin ay\u0131k kar\u0131s\u0131 hissediyor, yataktan f\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi kocas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 uyand\u0131r\u0131yor. B\u00fcy\u00fck karde\u015fin kar\u0131s\u0131 da uyanm\u0131\u015f. \u00c7oluk \u00e7ocuk bah\u00e7ede toplan\u0131yorlar.\u201d<\/p>\n (Hik\u00e2yenin ilk paragraf\u0131n\u0131 okuyunca, konuyla ilgisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fim ama yazmaktan kendimi alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir edebiyat tarihi ayr\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 kap\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7ald\u0131: 1902\u2019de okumak i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelen Yahya Kemal<\/b>\u2019in bir s\u00fcre yan\u0131nda konaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 akrabas\u0131 \u0130brahim Bey\u2019in Sar\u0131yer\u2019deki sazl\u0131, s\u00f6zl\u00fc, i\u00e7kili k\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcnde canland\u0131.)<\/p>\n Sar\u0131yer s\u0131rtlar\u0131nda (depreme dayan\u0131kl\u0131 b\u00f6lgede) ikiz villada (sa\u011flam bir yap\u0131da) oturan iki karde\u015f, 17 A\u011fustos 1999 tarihinde saat 03.02\u2019de meydana gelen depremi hissetmiyorlar. (Evin bulundu\u011fu yer depreme dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r ve sars\u0131nt\u0131 pek hissedilmez, bir de\u2026) O gece ge\u00e7 saatlere kadar misafir a\u011f\u0131rlam\u0131\u015flar, epeyce de i\u00e7mi\u015fler. Ama k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck karde\u015fin ay\u0131k (i\u00e7ki i\u00e7meyen) kar\u0131s\u0131 hissediyor, yataktan f\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi kocas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 uyand\u0131r\u0131yor. B\u00fcy\u00fck karde\u015fin kar\u0131s\u0131 da uyanm\u0131\u015f. \u00c7oluk \u00e7ocuk bah\u00e7ede toplan\u0131yorlar. (Depremi hissedenler ailenin geri kalanlar\u0131n\u0131 uyand\u0131r\u0131yor ve art\u00e7\u0131 deprem korkusuyla olacak, iki ailenin t\u00fcm bireyleri bah\u00e7ede, yani deprem a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan g\u00fcvenli b\u00f6lgede toplan\u0131yorlar.)<\/p>\n B\u00fct\u00fcn depremlerde oldu\u011fu gibi elektrikler kesilmi\u015ftir, telefonlar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamaktad\u0131r ve halk tedirgin bir h\u00e2lde sokaklara d\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sahip olanlar i\u00e7in geriye araba\/lar kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Araban\u0131n radyosu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131nca depremin \u00f6zellikle Do\u011fu Marmara\u2019y\u0131 yerle bir etti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Adapazar\u0131\u2019nda do\u011fan ve anne babalar\u0131 burada ya\u015fayan ikiz karde\u015f pani\u011fe kap\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130ki ya\u015fl\u0131 insandan biri (anne) be\u015f y\u0131l \u00f6nce beyin kanamas\u0131 ge\u00e7irmi\u015f ve bitkisel hayata girmi\u015ftir. Bu dermans\u0131z rahats\u0131zl\u0131ktan sonra babalar\u0131 annelerini hastanede b\u0131rakmay\u0131 kabul etmemi\u015f ve evin bir odas\u0131n\u0131 \u201cyo\u011fun bak\u0131m odas\u0131\u201dna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek e\u015finin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015f, ona b\u00fcy\u00fck bir dikkat ve sevgiyle bakmaya devam etmi\u015ftir. Kendisine yard\u0131m etmesi i\u00e7in hem\u015fire tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 da kabul etmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n S\u0131ra, Sar\u0131yer s\u0131rtlar\u0131ndaki ikiz villadan Adapazar\u0131\u2019na gitmeye gelmi\u015ftir. Deprem sadece elektrik ve telefona darbe vurmam\u0131\u015f, yollar\u0131 da kullan\u0131lamaz h\u00e2le getirmi\u015ftir. Yar\u0131lan asfaltlar, y\u0131k\u0131lan k\u00f6pr\u00fcler, viyad\u00fckler ve yak\u0131nlar\u0131na bir an \u00f6nce ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan depremzedeler\u2026<\/p>\n Sevdikleriniz depremin y\u0131k\u0131ma u\u011fratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerdeyse bir yolunu bulup gitmek zorundas\u0131n\u0131z. Motosiklet merak\u0131 bulunan iki karde\u015f i\u00e7in alternatif gidi\u015f \u015fekli kendili\u011finden devreye girer. Motosikletlerine atlarlar ve yer yer ara yollardan, yan yollardan, k\u00f6ylerden, kasabalardan dola\u015farak yatalak annelerine ve ona bakan babalar\u0131na ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Zor ve uzun say\u0131labilecek bir yolculuktan sonra sabah\u0131n ilk saatlerinde Adapazar\u0131\u2019na var\u0131l\u0131r. (Adapazar\u0131 motosiklet ve yar\u0131\u015f merak\u0131yla bilinir. Kenan Sofuo\u011flu, Sinan Sofuo\u011flu, Bahattin Sofuo\u011flu, Can \u00d6nc\u00fc, Toprak Razgatl\u0131o\u011flu bunlar\u0131n ilk akla gelenlerinden. Ayr\u0131ca, Sofuo\u011flu karde\u015flerin babas\u0131 da depremde enkaz alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.) Adapazar\u0131\u2019na var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ama y\u0131k\u0131lan evlerin enkazlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015f\u0131p babalar\u0131n\u0131n oturdu\u011fu soka\u011fa, apartmana ula\u015fmak kolay de\u011fildir. \u015eehir k\u0131yameti ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Art\u00e7\u0131 depremler yap\u0131lan ve yap\u0131lacak olan i\u015fleri sekteye u\u011fratmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130ki karde\u015f bir\u00e7ok zorluktan sonra anne babalar\u0131n\u0131n oturdu\u011fu soka\u011fa, apartmana var\u0131rlar fakat g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri manzara korkun\u00e7tur, apartman\u0131n bodrum kat\u0131 zemine g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130ki yan\u0131nda bulunan alt\u0131 katl\u0131 apartmanlar \u00fc\u00e7er kata inmi\u015ftir. Alt katlar bisk\u00fcvi gibi un ufak olmu\u015ftur. (1999 depreminde bir\u00e7ok apartmanda alttaki\/zemindeki iki kat\u0131n, \u00fc\u00e7 kat\u0131n topra\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zlerimle g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcm.)<\/p>\n Hik\u00e2yenin tam da buras\u0131nda, sabah\u0131n ilk saatlerinde var\u0131lan \u015fehirdeki deprem sonras\u0131 durum\/atmosfer, ya\u015fananlar\u0131 okurlar\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnde canland\u0131racak kadar yal\u0131n ve ak\u0131c\u0131 bir dille tasvir edilir:<\/p>\n \u201cY\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lardan y\u00fckselen toz yat\u0131\u015fmam\u0131\u015f daha, g\u00fcne\u015fin ilk \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 tozu parlat\u0131yor. \u0130nsanlar y\u00fczlerce tonluk demir, beton y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda. Hepsinin y\u00fczleri ac\u0131dan kaskat\u0131 kesilmi\u015f. Anneler enkaz alt\u0131nda kalan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na sesleniyor. Babalar y\u00fczlerce tonluk beton y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 elleriyle kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in umutsuzca \u00e7abal\u0131yor. Anne babas\u0131n\u0131 bulamayan \u00e7ocuklar h\u0131\u00e7k\u0131rarak, karde\u015fler birbirine sar\u0131larak a\u011fl\u0131yor. Bir adam\u0131n \u00e7\u0131plak ayaklar\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131k camlara basmaktan parampar\u00e7a olmu\u015f, kan i\u00e7inde ama fark\u0131nda de\u011fil, ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 duymuyor. Ailesini ar\u0131yor. Bir ba\u015fkas\u0131, kuca\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fc \u00e7ocu\u011fu, delice \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar at\u0131yor. Manzara dayan\u0131l\u0131r gibi de\u011fil.\u201d (s. 175)<\/p>\n \u0130nsanlarla ba\u015flayan betimlemeler s\u0131rayla annelere, babalara, \u00e7ocuklara do\u011fru ilerler. Sonras\u0131nda kameran\u0131n odakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerler bulan\u0131kla\u015f\u0131r ve \u201cbir adama\u201d, \u201cbir ba\u015fkas\u0131na\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Tun\u00e7\u2019un, son c\u00fcmlede tercih etti\u011fi kelimeden hareketle s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse \u015fehrin \u201cmanzara\u201ds\u0131 burada ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n daha \u00f6nce tan\u0131k olmad\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fcktedir ve i\u00e7 par\u00e7alay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Deprem konusunda m\u00fcktesebat\u0131 olanlar\u0131n akl\u0131na Tevfik Fikret\u2019in \u201cVerin Zavall\u0131lara\u201d \u015fiirini getirir. Bu manzumede Fikret de \u201cmanzara\u201d kelimesini kullan\u0131r (\u201cmanzara-i c\u00e2n-\u015fik\u00e2f\u201d: Can yak\u0131c\u0131, yaralay\u0131c\u0131 manzara.) hatta \u201clevha\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle bu ibareyi daha da peki\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n Depremin \u015fehirde olu\u015fturdu\u011fu karma\u015fay\u0131 betimlemeler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla okura aktaran yazar, ana izle\u011fe geri d\u00f6nmekte gecikmez. O kalabal\u0131k i\u00e7inde baban\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131ndan bir ka\u00e7\u0131na tesad\u00fcf edilir. Fakat kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131n, eve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 ya\u015fayan bu iki ya\u015fl\u0131dan haberleri yoktur.<\/p>\n Kom\u015fular\u0131ndan ve \u00e7evredekilerden umudunu kesen iki karde\u015f, kendi \u00e7abalar\u0131yla anne babalar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 daireye \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131 denerler. Mente\u015feler yerinden oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in apartman\u0131n ana kap\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmaz. H\u00e2l\u00e2 akl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda olan kom\u015fulardan biri, art\u00e7\u0131 depremleri kastederek uyard\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2lde, giri\u015fteki bir dairenin penceresinden apartmana girerler ve girdikleri dairede sa\u011flam tek e\u015fyan\u0131n kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. G\u00f6rd\u00fckleri ve ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131, umutsuzluklar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmaktan ba\u015fka bir i\u015fe yaramaz.<\/p>\n Daireden merdiven bo\u015flu\u011funa ge\u00e7erler fakat elektrik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in daha fazla ilerlemeleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Son anda yanlar\u0131na almay\u0131 ak\u0131l ettikleri feneri yakarlar, basamaklar\u0131 tek tek kontrol ederek ve duvarlara tutunarak d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kata kadar \u00e7\u0131karlar. Sabah\u0131n ilk saatlerinden beri g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerinden, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131ndan sonra dahi \u00f6l\u00fcm duygusunu i\u00e7selle\u015ftiremediklerini (kabullenemediklerini) anne babalar\u0131n\u0131 topra\u011fa vermeye haz\u0131r olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 fark ederler. Sevdiklerinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle y\u00fczle\u015fme ihtimali onlar\u0131 ani ve zamans\u0131z yakalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her \u015feye ra\u011fmen, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de olsa, anne babalar\u0131na sa\u011f olarak kavu\u015fma umudu onlar\u0131 ayakta tutar. \u0130ki karde\u015f ayn\u0131 anda anahtarlar\u0131na davran\u0131r. Kap\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ihtimal vermezler ama yine de \u015fanslar\u0131n\u0131 denerler. Kap\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r, bu da beklenmeyen bir durumun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi anlam\u0131nda bir \u015foktur. Korka korka i\u00e7eriye girerler ve g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri \u201cmanzara\u201d kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda donakal\u0131rlar. \u201cBabalar\u0131 pijamal\u0131, elinde s\u00fcp\u00fcrge, sakince cam k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcp\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Salondaki vitrin nas\u0131l olmu\u015fsa devrilmemi\u015f ama i\u00e7indeki her \u015fey yere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Kristal bardaklar, porselen fincanlar, tabaklar, kadehler tuzla buz, sa\u011flam kalan tek bir cam e\u015fya yok.\u201d (s. 176)<\/p>\n Baba, o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr g\u00f6rmez kendisi depremi ya\u015famam\u0131\u015f gibi \u201cAnneniz iyi.\u201d der. \u0130ki karde\u015f, babalar\u0131n\u0131n boynuna at\u0131l\u0131r ve a\u011flamaya ba\u015flar. \u201cDo\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fckleri \u015fehri bir enkaz y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 h\u00e2linde g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri h\u00e2lde, depremin deh\u015fetini babalar\u0131n\u0131 kucaklad\u0131klar\u0131 an hissederler.\u201d (s. 176) Sinirleri bo\u015falm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde, \u201cBaba niye d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131n?\u201d diye sorduklar\u0131nda \u201cAnnenizi b\u0131rak\u0131p\u2026\u201d der baba. \u0130ki karde\u015f zihinlerinde tamamlar bu ifadeyi. Ve hik\u00e2yenin belki de en can yak\u0131c\u0131 sahnesi ya\u015fan\u0131r bu yar\u0131m diyalo\u011fun devam\u0131nda, baba \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na \u201cBunu bana nas\u0131l sorars\u0131n\u0131z\u201d der gibi bakar. Bu bak\u0131\u015ftan sonra iki karde\u015f \u201cAnnemiz zaten \u00f6l\u00fc.\u201d diyemezler. S\u0131ra annenin odas\u0131na girmeye gelir. \u201cAnnelerinin odas\u0131na giriyorlar. Kad\u0131n yata\u011f\u0131nda, hayatta sanki hi\u00e7bir \u015fey de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015f gibi yat\u0131yor. Be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r sonsuz uykuda, uykusu bir g\u00fcn sessizce \u00f6l\u00fcme ba\u011flanacak.\u201d (s. 176)<\/p>\n Baba anlatmaya devam eder, \u201c\u00d6nce buray\u0131 toparlad\u0131m.\u201d der, olduk\u00e7a ola\u011fan bir i\u015ften s\u00f6z eder gibi ve devam eder, \u201cAnnenizin yata\u011f\u0131 bir duvardan bir duvara \u00e7arpt\u0131 durdu. Ben de beraber.\u201d (s. 177) Art\u00e7\u0131 depremler oldu\u011funda gene duvara \u00e7arpmas\u0131n, e\u015fi zarar g\u00f6rmesin diye yata\u011f\u0131n tekerleklerini battaniyelerle sarm\u0131\u015f, annenin iki yan\u0131na yast\u0131klar s\u0131ralam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r baba. Belli etmez ama ba\u015f\u0131ndan yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ki karde\u015f yaras\u0131n\u0131 sorunca \u201cKanad\u0131, ge\u00e7ti.\u201d der ve s\u00f6z\u00fc yine sessizce uyuyan e\u015fine getirir, \u201cYataktan d\u00fc\u015fecek diye korktum ama bir \u015fey olmad\u0131 \u00e7ok \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr.\u201d Baba yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ve anlatt\u0131klar\u0131yla, fark\u0131nda olmadan, bu depremin ger\u00e7ek ma\u011fduru bilinci ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerinde olan ben de\u011fil, bilinci kapal\u0131 yatan ve bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n ilgisine, merhametine muhta\u00e7 olan annenizdir, demektedir.<\/p>\n Yaral\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n dokunmas\u0131na izin vermeyen baba kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ok\u015far. \u0130ki karde\u015f konuyu \u00f6nceden kararla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 sonuca ula\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kestirme yoldan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini babalar\u0131na a\u00e7arlar ama baba e\u015finden ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemeyecek, konu\u015famayacak kadar bahsin \u00f6b\u00fcr taraf\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00c7ocuklara kal\u0131rsa anne hastaneye, baba iki karde\u015fin yan\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclecek ve b\u00f6ylece depremin yaralar\u0131 sar\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Baba s\u00f6ylenenleri duymaz ve yatak odas\u0131na gider. O\u011fullar\u0131 da pe\u015finden gelince, yatak odas\u0131ndaki gard\u0131robun yata\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne devrildi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. Baba, yata\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerine devrilmi\u015f gard\u0131robu kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan yard\u0131m ister, birlikte gard\u0131robu kald\u0131r\u0131rlar. Gard\u0131roptan temiz \u00e7ar\u015faf\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karan baba pe\u015finden, \u201cAnnenizin \u00e7ar\u015faflar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme g\u00fcn\u00fc bug\u00fcn.\u201d der. Yatak odas\u0131 darmada\u011f\u0131n oldu\u011fu h\u00e2lde yata\u011f\u0131n bozulmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6ren k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck o\u011ful babas\u0131n\u0131n kendi yata\u011f\u0131nda yatmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc baba, yatakta \u201cyatm\u0131\u015f olsa\/yd\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcne devrilecek bu gard\u0131robun alt\u0131ndan canl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kamazd\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n Yatak odas\u0131n\u0131n bu h\u00e2li \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n merak\u0131n\u0131 tahrik eder ve babalar\u0131na \u201cDeprem oldu\u011fu s\u0131rada uyuyor muydun sen?\u201d diye sorarlar. \u201cUyuyordum.\u201d diye cevap veren baba, uyudu\u011fu yer olarak annenin ba\u015fucundaki koltu\u011fu g\u00f6sterir: \u201cBurada. Ben burada uyuyorum geceleri.\u201d Cevap yeni bir soruyu do\u011furacak kadar \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r ve iki karde\u015f \u201cNe zamandan beri?\u201d diye sorar, \u201c\u0130lk g\u00fcnden beri.\u201d der, baba. Ve as\u0131l deprem o zaman olur b\u00fct\u00fcn vef\u00e2 ve merhamet memleketlerinde, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r kendi yata\u011f\u0131nda yatmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r baba. O h\u00e2lde bu depremin ad\u0131, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f ayarlar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131racak tek vas\u0131ta olan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z sevgi, yani \u201ca\u015fk\u201d olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Biri topra\u011f\u0131n biri kalplerin derinden titremesi yani.5<\/a><\/p>\n 1<\/a> Ayfer Tun\u00e7\u2019la Karanl\u0131kta Kelimeler<\/b>, S\u00f6yle\u015fi: Handan \u0130nci, Can Sanat Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul 2014, s. 327-328.<\/p>\n 2<\/a> Ayfer Tun\u00e7, \u201cS\u0131n\u0131f Ba\u015fkan\u0131<\/a>, E\u011fitsel Kollar\u201d, Bir M\u00e2niniz Yoksa Annemler Size Gelecek<\/b>, Can Sanat Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul 2017, s. 79.<\/p>\n 3<\/a> Ayfer Tun\u00e7, \u201cMemleket K\u0131pk\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Bir Akide \u015eekeri\u201d, Memleket Hik\u00e2yeleri<\/b>, Can Sanat Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul 2024, s. 314.<\/p>\n